In recent years, doctors and researchers have made significant advances in their understanding of whole-brain radiation, stereotactic radiosurgery and how these two methods affect people's survival, cognitive ability and quality of life. The risk of long-term cognitive decline after SRS is thought to be less than that with whole-brain radiation. Side effects may include nausea, headache, seizures, and dizziness or vertigo. SRS is typically done in one treatment, and doctors can treat multiple tumors in one session. With stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), each beam of radiation isn't particularly powerful, but the point where all the beams meet - at the brain tumor - receives a very large dose of radiation to kill the tumor cells. Long-term, whole-brain radiation is associated with cognitive decline. Side effects may include fatigue, nausea and hair loss. People undergoing whole-brain radiation usually require 10 to 15 treatments over two to three weeks. Whole-brain radiation applies radiation to the entire brain in order to kill tumor cells. For brain metastases, your treatment may involve one or both of the following radiation therapy methods: Radiation therapy uses high-energy beams, such as X-rays and protons, to kill tumor cells. Each beam of radiation isn't particularly powerful, but the point where all the beams meet receives a very large dose of radiation in order to kill tumor cells. Stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastasesÄuring stereotactic radiation therapy, many beams of radiation are aimed at the tumor cells. Other risks may depend on the part of your brain where your tumors are located. Surgery to remove brain metastases carries risks, such as neurologic deficits, infection and bleeding. Even removing a portion of the tumor may help reduce your signs and symptoms. If surgery is an option for you and your brain metastases are located in places that make them accessible for an operation, your surgeon will work to remove as much of the cancer as possible. If you experience a seizure, your doctor may recommend medicine to prevent additional seizures. High-dose corticosteroids may be used to ease swelling around the brain metastases in order to reduce signs and symptoms. Medications can help control signs and symptoms of brain metastases and make you more comfortable. Talk with your doctor about your goals for treatment. What treatments are best for you will depend on the type, size, number and location of the tumors, as well as your signs and symptoms, overall health, and preferences. In certain situations, your treatment team may consider drug treatments for brain metastases. Treatment options for people with brain metastases often include medication, surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, whole-brain radiation therapy or some combination of these. Even with successful treatment, brain metastases often recur, so your doctor will recommend close follow-up after treatment. Treatment for brain metastases can help ease symptoms, slow tumor growth and extend life.
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